Coyotes Establish Breeding Populations on Long Island, Driven by Swimming Skills and Abundant Prey
LONG ISLAND, NY — Coyotes, previously rare on Long Island, have now established at least five confirmed breeding pairs in northwest Nassau County, with additional sightings reported farther east, including Suffolk County and Fire Island.
Wildlife experts attribute this spread to the animals’ strong swimming abilities, allowing them to cross water bodies like the East River. They may also navigate eastward via railway bridges, using these pathways to reach new habitats, according to the New York Post.
A significant shift began in 2016 when coyotes with a large litter were observed near LaGuardia Airport in Queens. That area’s abundant rat population provided ample food. Although most of that colony was removed, one survivor is believed to have migrated into Nassau County, contributing to the current breeding groups.
Additional records from earlier years show solitary coyote sightings in Queens and the eastern reaches of Long Island, including Fire Island. Experts caution that increased doorbell camera use may also be leading to more reported sightings, regardless of population growth.
Coyotes now serve a beneficial ecological role by controlling populations of rodents, raccoons, and red foxes. They may help manage wildlife that can carry diseases or disrupt ecosystems.
Despite their expanding presence, coyotes tend to avoid humans. Authorities recommend homeowners avoid feeding wildlife, secure trash, safeguard pets, and use deterrence methods if a coyote appears unafraid .
Coyotes on Long Island: What You Need to Know – Q&A
Q: Are coyotes dangerous to humans or pets?
A: While coyotes are generally wary of humans, they can pose a threat to small pets, especially if left unattended outdoors. Attacks on humans are extremely rare, but caution is advised.
Q: Where have coyotes been recently spotted on Long Island?
A: Confirmed sightings have occurred in both Nassau and Suffolk Counties, including areas like Syosset, Plainview, East Hampton, and even on Fire Island.
Q: How did coyotes arrive on Long Island?
A: Coyotes gradually expanded their territory over decades, crossing into the Bronx in the 1990s, reaching Queens by 2009, and eventually making their way east onto Long Island.
Q: Are coyotes living and breeding on Long Island now?
A: Yes. Wildlife experts believe coyotes are no longer just occasional visitors; they have begun establishing territories and breeding on the island.
Q: What should I do if I see a coyote near my home?
A: Residents should not approach coyotes. Instead, make loud noises to scare them off and report sightings to local animal control authorities for tracking and safety purposes. NYS DEC Region 1 (Nassau and Suffolk counties) Phone: (631) 444-0200
Q: Can coyotes carry diseases like rabies?
A: Coyotes, like other wild mammals, can carry rabies and other parasites. It’s important to avoid contact and ensure pets are vaccinated.
Q: How might coyotes affect Long Island’s ecosystem?
A: Coyotes may help control rodent populations, including rats, but their presence can also disrupt the balance of native species and increase competition for food.
Q: What precautions should pet owners take?
A: Keep cats indoors and supervise small dogs, especially at night. Do not leave pet food outside, as it may attract coyotes.
Q: Are there any official plans to manage or remove coyotes?
A: At this time, New York State wildlife officials are monitoring the situation but have not announced any formal removal plans. Education and co-existence strategies are being emphasized.
Q: Is this part of a wider trend of wild animals entering suburbs?
A: Yes. Coyotes are just one example of wildlife adapting to urban and suburban environments due to habitat loss, food availability, and changing ecosystems.
